Mitochondrial DNA CoPy Number in Neuro-Developmental & Psychiatric Disorders -----Cellular Aging

Val's Take

• Mitochondrial DNA plays a role in many chronic illnesses.
  
• It is less clear if Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number can serve as a biomarker in any or some of these chronic diseases.
• Many researchers are devoted to addressing these questions throughout medicine, including neuro-developmental and psychiatric disorders, cardio-vascular issues, auto-immune issues, cancer, etc.
• Additionally, many of these other illnesses and disorders can have psychiatric symptoms and neuro-developmental and psychiatric disorders often do involve some aspect of fatigue.
  

Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in bipolar disorder: identification of a subgroup of young individuals with accelerated cellular aging (2022)

Association between mitochondrial DNA levels and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023)

Mitochondrial DNA copy number in autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023)

Leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number in schizophrenia (2020)

Cells dispose of cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA by nucleoid-phagy (May 2024)

Mitochondrial damage in stress conditions results in the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), causing inflammation that is linked to various diseases.

We discovered a mechanism for the elimination of this harmful mtDNA — ‘nucleoid-phagy’.

Targeting this process represents another way to treat mitochondrial damage-related diseases.

Inflammation and mitophagy are mitochondrial checkpoints to aging (April 2024)

Cellular and organismal aging have been consistently associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation.

Accumulating evidence indicates that aging-related inflammatory responses are mechanistically linked to compromised mitochondrial integrity coupled with mtDNA-driven CGAS activation, a process that is tonically inhibited by mitophagy.

Faulty DNA disposal system causes inflammation (Feb. 2024)

"Salk scientists outline mouse cell inflammation pathway from mitochondrial stress to leaking endosomes to immune system initiation, revealing new potential therapeutic targets to reduce inflammation in aging and disease."

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number as a Biomarker of Multiple Sclerosis (2023)

Mitochondrial DNA copy number and lung cancer risk in a prospective cohort study (2010)